About Cold plasma

About
Cold plasma

Innovation in every atom

Cold plasma – innovative solutions for science and industry

Cold plasma is an ionized gas in which electrons reach high energy while ions and neutral particles remain at near-room temperature. This property allows it to participate in chemical and biological reactions without generating high heat, distinguishing it from traditional hot plasma. At the molecular level, cold plasma produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These highly reactive molecules interact with microorganisms, proteins, and lipids, leading, among other effects, to damage of cell membranes and deactivation of viruses and bacteria.

The mechanism of action of cold plasma is based on several simultaneous processes:

Chemical effects - Cold plasma activation in water produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as hydrogen peroxide, nitrates, nitrites, and hydroxyl radicals. When applied to plants, these compounds interact with microorganisms on the surface of leaves, seeds, and roots, destroying their structure, limiting pathogen growth, and stimulating the plant’s natural defense mechanisms.

Electrical effects - The plasma process alters the redox potential and electrical conductivity of water, which can affect the permeability of cell membranes in plant cells and microorganisms. This facilitates the transport of ions, nutrients, and active molecules, improving the uptake of nitrogen and micronutrients.

Photon effects - During the generation of plasma-activated water, cold plasma emits ultraviolet radiation and high-energy photons, causing photodissociation of water and air molecules, leading to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.

Thanks to these properties, cold plasma has found applications in many fields:

Agriculture and soilless cultivation - activates water and fertilizers, increasing nutrient availability for plants and stimulating their growth.

Medicine - accelerates wound healing, reduces inflammation, and supports tissue regeneration while exhibiting antibacterial and antiviral effects.

Cosmetology - stimulates collagen production, improves skin microcirculation, and supports regenerative processes, enhancing nutrient absorption.

Food technology - enables safe disinfection of products, extends their shelf life, and preserves their natural nutritional properties.

Industry and environmental protection - surface cleaning, pollutant neutralization, and pathogen reduction in production processes.

Cold plasma therefore combines physics, chemistry, and biology, offering innovative, eco-friendly, and highly efficient solutions.